# Dolls, Figures & Plush Toys

This leaf bundles six products experts judge differently: fashion dolls, baby/reborn dolls, ball-jointed dolls, action figures, collectible statue figures, and plush toys. Product type decides whether the deciding spec is articulation and scale, shell material and weighting, or fabric fill and seam safety.

## How it works

Most of this bundle splits into a rigid shell or a soft shell. A rigid-shell doll or figure (vinyl, hard plastic, resin, PVC, or ABS) is built around joints: simple cut-and-pin joints for basic bend-and-stand articulation, or ball-and-socket joints strung on elastic cord for full posability, so how it stands or bends depends on joint count and type, not fabric. A plush toy is a fabric shell stuffed with fiberfill or plastic pellets; its shape comes from how the stuffing is distributed, not from hinges. A reborn baby doll sits between the two: a vinyl or silicone shell over a weighted cloth or jointed body, built to feel heavy and lifelike in the arms rather than to pose on a shelf.

## How an expert narrows the choice

```mermaid
timeline
  section 1 · Product type
    fashion_doll : ask Shell / body material, Articulation style, Scale, Hair type, Eye type, Licensed property : skip Figure material, Weighting media, Outer fabric, Fill material, Eye attachment, Size / age stage, Stand / base included, Anatomical detail
    baby_or_reborn_doll : ask Shell / body material, Weighting media, Size / age stage, Eye type, Hair type, Safety certification, Articulation style, Anatomical detail : skip Scale, Figure material, Customization level, Outer fabric, Fill material, Eye attachment, Stand / base included
    ball_jointed_doll : ask Shell / body material, Articulation style, Scale, Customization level, Hair type, Eye type, Anatomical detail : skip Outer fabric, Fill material, Eye attachment, Weighting media, Figure material, Size / age stage, Stand / base included
    action_figure : ask Scale, Articulation style, Figure material, Licensed property, Safety certification, Stand / base included : skip Outer fabric, Fill material, Eye attachment, Weighting media, Hair type, Eye type, Size / age stage, Customization level, Shell / body material, Anatomical detail
    collectible_statue_figure : ask Scale, Figure material, Licensed property, Articulation style, Stand / base included : skip Outer fabric, Fill material, Eye attachment, Weighting media, Hair type, Eye type, Size / age stage, Safety certification, Customization level, Shell / body material, Anatomical detail
    plush_toy : ask Outer fabric, Fill material, Eye attachment, Licensed property, Safety certification : skip Shell / body material, Articulation style, Scale, Figure material, Hair type, Eye type, Weighting media, Size / age stage, Customization level, Stand / base included, Anatomical detail
  section 2 · Intended user / age grade
    infant_or_toddler_under_3 : ask Safety certification, Eye attachment : skip Customization level
    adult_collector_display : skip Safety certification
```

1. **Product type.** A fashion doll, baby doll, BJD, action figure, collectible figure, or plush?
   Each type has its own deciding spec: articulation and hair for fashion dolls, shell material and weighting for baby dolls, scale and paint for figures, fill and fabric for plush. This fork decides which facets even apply.
   If fashion_doll: ask Shell / body material, Articulation style, Scale, Hair type, Eye type, Licensed property; skip Figure material, Weighting media, Outer fabric, Fill material, Eye attachment, Size / age stage, Stand / base included, Anatomical detail.
   If baby_or_reborn_doll: ask Shell / body material, Weighting media, Size / age stage, Eye type, Hair type, Safety certification, Articulation style, Anatomical detail; skip Scale, Figure material, Customization level, Outer fabric, Fill material, Eye attachment, Stand / base included.
   If ball_jointed_doll: ask Shell / body material, Articulation style, Scale, Customization level, Hair type, Eye type, Anatomical detail; skip Outer fabric, Fill material, Eye attachment, Weighting media, Figure material, Size / age stage, Stand / base included.
   If action_figure: ask Scale, Articulation style, Figure material, Licensed property, Safety certification, Stand / base included; skip Outer fabric, Fill material, Eye attachment, Weighting media, Hair type, Eye type, Size / age stage, Customization level, Shell / body material, Anatomical detail.
   If collectible_statue_figure: ask Scale, Figure material, Licensed property, Articulation style, Stand / base included; skip Outer fabric, Fill material, Eye attachment, Weighting media, Hair type, Eye type, Size / age stage, Safety certification, Customization level, Shell / body material, Anatomical detail.
   If plush_toy: ask Outer fabric, Fill material, Eye attachment, Licensed property, Safety certification; skip Shell / body material, Articulation style, Scale, Figure material, Hair type, Eye type, Weighting media, Size / age stage, Customization level, Stand / base included, Anatomical detail.
   Skip if already known: a query that already names 'doll', 'figure', 'action figure', 'BJD', 'reborn', 'plush', 'stuffed animal', or a known franchise line.

2. **Intended user / age grade.** Baby/toddler, kid under 12, teen/adult player, or display collector?
   Under-3 use makes safety certification a hard filter and rules out loose small parts; adult-collector use makes certification irrelevant but raises the bar on paint, material, and customization.
   If infant_or_toddler_under_3: ask Safety certification, Eye attachment; skip Customization level.
   If adult_collector_display: skip Safety certification.
   Skip if already known: an earlier answer naming an age in years or months, a query that already says 'collector', 'display', 'for my baby', or 'for my toddler'.

## What to surface

### Product type

Which of the six bundled products this is: fashion doll, baby/reborn doll, ball-jointed doll (BJD), action figure, collectible statue figure, or plush toy. Each type is judged by a different spec entirely. Asking this first avoids asking a plush toy buyer about points of articulation or an action figure buyer about fill material. [1] [2] [3]

Values: fashion_doll, baby_or_reborn_doll, ball_jointed_doll, action_figure, collectible_statue_figure, plush_toy.
Question to ask: A fashion doll, baby doll, BJD, action figure, collectible figure, or plush?

Used as: top-level split, filter. Data: derived from listing fields, backfill cost low. Look for it as: Derive from the product title and category breadcrumb ('doll', 'action figure', 'statue', 'plush', 'stuffed animal', 'BJD', 'reborn').
Title keyword match covers nearly every listing; ambiguous titles ('collectible figure') usually resolve against the category breadcrumb.

### Intended user / age grade

Whether the item is for an infant or toddler under 3, an older child, teen or adult play, or an adult collector who will display rather than handle it. Under-3 use triggers mandatory small-parts and lead-content testing and rules out loose accessories, glued eyes, and bean-bag pellets; adult-collector items are routinely sold outside that testing scope entirely. [7] [8]

Values: infant_or_toddler_under_3, child_3_to_12, teen_or_adult_play, adult_collector_display.
Question to ask: Baby/toddler, kid under 12, teen/adult player, or display collector?

Used as: top-level split, filter. Data: on the listing, backfill cost low. Look for it as: Usually a stated age-grade label on packaging ('Ages 3+') or a 'collector edition' / 'not a toy' marketing claim.
Age-grade labels are required by the US toy safety standard when the toy is subject to it; absence of any age label plus 'collector' language implies adult_collector_display.

### Scale

The doll or figure's size ratio to a real person: roughly 1:18 (3.75 in), 1:12 (6 in), 1:6 (12 in, Barbie/Dollfie scale), 1:4 (18 in), 1:3 (24 in, Super Dollfie scale), or unscaled. Scale decides compatibility: accessories, clothes, and vehicles are sold to a scale, and mixing a 1:12 figure with 1:6 gear looks wrong on a shelf. It is also a quick proxy for detail level and price tier. [2] [6] [4]

Values: scale_1_18_approx_3_75in, scale_1_12_approx_6in, scale_1_6_approx_12in, scale_1_4_approx_18in, scale_1_3_approx_24in, other_or_unscaled.
Question to ask: About how tall: 4 inches, 6, 12, 18, or bigger?

Used as: filter, shown on the card. Data: on the listing, backfill cost low. Look for it as: Height in inches/cm is almost always on the listing; convert to the nearest standard scale band.
Stated height maps directly to a scale band; unscaled custom pieces (most plush, many statues) fall to other_or_unscaled.
Chart: position on a height axis in inches.

### Size / age stage

What developmental stage a baby/reborn doll's size portrays: micro-preemie or mini (under 15 in), newborn (17-22 in), toddler (24-30 in and up), or adult-proportioned for other doll types. Stage sets the sculpt proportions buyers expect (rounded head and short limbs for newborn realism) and the clothing size needed; it also sets the weight target, since a newborn-stage doll is weighted lighter than a toddler-stage one. [10]

Values: micro_preemie_or_mini_under_15in, newborn_17_to_22in, toddler_24_to_30in_plus, adult_proportioned, unspecified.
Question to ask: Micro-sized, newborn-sized, or toddler-sized?

Used as: filter, shown on the card. Data: on the listing, backfill cost low. Look for it as: Stated height in inches/cm maps directly to the stage; many listings also name the stage ('Newborn Reborn', 'Toddler Reborn').
Title and stated-length keyword match covers most listings.
Chart: position on a length-in-inches axis.

### Licensed property

Whether the doll, figure, or plush is an original, non-franchise design or a licensed character tied to a film, game, comic, or other media franchise. A license changes what a buyer is paying for: sculpt and paint accuracy to the source character matters more than general play value, and licensed collectibles hold resale value tied to the franchise's popularity rather than the maker's reputation alone. [2]

Values: original_design, licensed_character_or_franchise.
Question to ask: An original design, or a licensed character?

Used as: filter, shown on the card. Data: on the listing, backfill cost low. Look for it as: Franchise and character name are almost always in the title when licensed.
Title keyword/entity match against known franchise and character names.

### Shell / body material

What the doll's outer shell is made of: soft vinyl, hard plastic, polyurethane resin, platinum-cure silicone, tin-cure silicone, or a cloth-bodied hybrid. Material decides feel, durability, and price tier: vinyl is durable and affordable, resin (BJDs) is dense and carvable, platinum-cure silicone gives the most lifelike squish and stays color-stable for years while cheaper tin-cure silicone yellows and degrades. [1] [11] [10] [4]

Values: soft_vinyl, hard_plastic, polyurethane_resin, silicone_platinum_cure, silicone_tin_cure, cloth_or_hybrid_body, mixed, unspecified.
Question to ask: Vinyl, hard plastic, resin, or silicone?

Used as: filter, shown on the card. Data: on the listing, backfill cost low. Look for it as: Reliable on niche/artist marketplaces (Etsy, DOA, reborn-artist storefronts), where it's usually in the title ('Vinyl Reborn Doll', 'Resin BJD'); mass-market retail listings (Amazon, Walmart) often omit it.
Title keyword match on niche/artist listings; silicone listings rarely distinguish platinum vs tin-cure, which needs a brand page to confirm; mass-market listings default to unspecified.
Chart: position on a durability-vs-realism axis, vinyl most durable, silicone most realistic.

### Articulation style

How the body moves: fixed with minimal or no joints, a basic set of cut/pin joints at neck, shoulders and hips, many multi-point joints, or fully posable ball-and-socket joints strung on elastic. Joint type and count is the collector's first check: a 'cut' joint only rotates, a 'T' joint at the hip allows up to 180 degrees of leg swing, and ball joints add tilt and more liberal movement than either, which is what lets a figure hold a dynamic display pose. [2] [4]

Values: fixed_pose_minimal_joints, basic_5_to_7_point, multi_point_posable, ball_jointed_fully_posable.
Question to ask: Does it stand fixed, bend a little, or fully pose?

Used as: filter, shown on the card. Data: on the listing, backfill cost low. Look for it as: Often stated as 'points of articulation' or 'fully posable' in the title or bullet points; BJD listings say 'ball-jointed'.
Keyword match ('posable', 'articulated', 'ball-jointed') with a default to basic_5_to_7_point for plain dolls with no articulation claim.
Chart: ordinal scale from fixed to fully ball-jointed.

### Safety certification

Which toy-safety standard the item has been tested to: ASTM F963 (US), EN 71 (EU), CPSIA lead/phthalate limits, more than one of these, or none because it is sold as a collector item, not a toy. ASTM F963 bans small parts that fit a 1.25 in (31.7 mm) test cylinder for under-3 toys and caps lead at roughly 90-100 ppm; EN 71 adds flammability and chemical-migration limits. Collector-only BJDs, resin statues, and artist reborn dolls are commonly sold outside this testing scope, so a buyer getting one for a child under 3 is buying something never tested for that use. [7] [9] [8] [5]

Values: astm_f963_compliant, en71_compliant, cpsia_compliant, multiple_standards_compliant, collector_item_not_toy_tested, unspecified.

Used as: filter, shown on the card. Data: needs research, backfill cost medium. Look for it as: Rarely a listing field; look for 'ASTM F963', 'EN71', 'CE mark', or 'CPSIA' in compliance text, or 'not suitable for children under 3 / not a toy' disclaimers.
Brand compliance pages or package-text photos carry it; mass-market toy brands state it, collector/artist sellers usually only state the negative ('not tested to toy safety standards').

### Hair type

What the doll's hair is and how it's attached: synthetic rooted strands, human hair, mohair (fine goat/alpaca fiber), molded or painted hair, or no hair. Hair fiber and rooting density drive realism and price: mohair is the realism standard for reborn dolls and is sold by weight at $5-15/gram, while synthetic fiber resists frizzing and costs less but reads shinier and coarser up close. [11]

Values: synthetic_rooted, human_hair_rooted, mohair_rooted, molded_or_painted, none.
Question to ask: Rooted hair, molded/painted hair, or no hair at all?

Used as: filter, shown on the card. Data: on the listing, backfill cost low. Look for it as: Reliable on niche/artist marketplaces, usually in the title or bullets ('Rooted Mohair', 'Synthetic Wig'); mass-market retail listings rarely name rooting type or fiber.
Title keyword match on niche/artist listings; mohair vs synthetic for reborn dolls specifically sometimes needs the artist's own listing description; mass-market listings default to unspecified.

### Stand / base included

Whether an action figure or statue ships with the display stand or base needed to pose or balance it upright. Dynamically posed figures and tall statues often cannot balance unsupported; missing this spec can mean a figure arrives needing a stand sold separately to show its intended pose. [13] [14]

Values: stand_included, self_standing_no_stand_needed, stand_sold_separately, unspecified.
Question to ask: Does it include a display stand or base?

Used as: shown on the card. Data: on the listing, backfill cost low. Look for it as: Brand product pages for prepainted figures often name it as its own spec row ('with stand included'); mass-market blister-card listings rarely state it.
Default to unspecified when the listing is silent rather than assume either way.

### Figure material

What an action figure or statue figure is molded from: PVC, ABS, a PVC/ABS combination, resin/polystone/cold-cast, or vinyl. PVC is cheap, paints well, and dominates small-to-mid figures but sags under heat; ABS is tough and holds weight-bearing legs and bases but resists fine detail and paint; resin and polystone cost more, hold finer sculpted detail, and feel noticeably heavier. [12]

Values: pvc, abs, pvc_abs_combo, resin_polystone_or_coldcast, vinyl, unspecified.

Used as: shown on the card. Data: needs research, backfill cost medium. Look for it as: Rarely a dedicated field; sometimes in the title ('PVC Statue', 'Resin Figure') or material spec on the brand's product page.
Needs the brand's own product page; many marketplace listings omit material entirely for mid-tier prepainted figures.
Chart: position on a detail-vs-durability axis.

### Eye attachment

How a plush toy's eyes are made: embroidered or printed only (no hard parts), sewn-on plastic safety eyes, or glued-on plastic eyes. This is a hard safety filter, not a style choice: plush aimed at infants under 3 is required to use embroidered or printed eyes only, since any glued or loosely sewn hard eye is a detachable small part and a choking risk. [7] [9]

Values: embroidered_or_printed_only, sewn_on_safety_eyes, glued_plastic_eyes, unspecified.

Used as: filter, shown on the card. Data: needs research, backfill cost medium. Look for it as: Infant-line plush states 'embroidered eyes, no small parts'; character plush with visible plastic eyes states nothing special.
Age-grade label plus material description; default sewn_on_safety_eyes for non-infant character plush when no claim is made.

### Outer fabric

What the plush toy's outer shell is sewn from: short-pile plush, long-pile fur, minky/microfiber, terry/velour, or a knit construction. Pile length and weave decide hand-feel and how the shape holds: short, tightly packed pile holds detailed sculpting and a cleaner silhouette, while long-pile fur reads softer but mats and sheds more over time. [3]

Values: short_pile_plush, long_pile_fur, minky_or_microfiber, terry_or_velour, knit_or_crochet, unspecified.
Question to ask: Short plush, long fur, or a knit/crochet feel?

Used as: shown on the card. Data: on the listing, backfill cost low. Look for it as: Reliable on niche/artist and specialty plush listings, often in the title or material bullet ('Minky Plush', 'Long Pile Fur'); mass-market listings (e.g. Squishmallow on Amazon) rarely name the fabric.
Title keyword match on niche/specialty listings; default short_pile_plush when unstated on mass-market listings, since it is the most common outer fabric.

### Customization level

How much of the doll a buyer can change: fixed and not meant to be modified, wig-and-eye swapping only, or full faceup (repainting the face) and body modification. This is the entire point of the BJD hobby: the doll is sold as a blank canvas with a removable wig, swappable eyes, and a paintable face, versus a fashion doll that arrives finished and is not meant to be taken apart. [4]

Values: fixed_not_customizable, wig_and_eye_swap, full_faceup_and_body_mod.
Question to ask: Arrives finished, or meant to be customized?

Used as: shown on the card. Data: on the listing, backfill cost low. Look for it as: BJD listings advertise 'customizable', 'blank faceup', or 'nude doll' directly; fashion dolls rarely mention customization at all.
Keyword match ('BJD', 'blank', 'nude', 'faceup') defaults to fixed_not_customizable otherwise.

### Eye type

How the eyes are made and set: painted or molded flat, sleep eyes that close when laid down, fixed open eyes in acrylic or glass, or interchangeable eyes a BJD owner can swap. Glass eyes cost more than acrylic but give more depth and realism, and a slight misalignment on an open-eyed sculpt breaks the realistic illusion instantly; BJDs are built around swappable eyes as part of their customization appeal. [10]

Values: painted_or_molded, sleep_eyes_closable, fixed_acrylic_open, fixed_glass_open, interchangeable.

Used as: shown on the card. Data: needs research, backfill cost medium. Look for it as: Reborn listings usually state 'sleeping' or 'awake' and the eye material; BJD listings rarely specify unless the eyes are a selling point.
Needs the product description text; default sleep_eyes_closable for 'sleeping' reborn newborns and fixed_acrylic_open for 'awake' ones.

### Weighting media

What gives a reborn doll its lifelike heft: no weighting, glass beads, poly pellets, steel shot, or light poly-fil stuffing. A convincing reborn weighs 4-8 lb to echo a real newborn; glass beads are the industry favorite for dense, controlled weighting, while loose or unsecured beads/shot are a leakage and choking risk if a child can reach the doll. [11]

Values: none_unweighted, glass_beads, poly_pellets, steel_shot, poly_fil_light_fill, mixed_media.

Used as: shown on the card. Data: needs research, backfill cost medium. Look for it as: Sometimes stated as 'weighted body' with the fill named; rarely a structured field.
Needs the product description; 'weighted' alone without a named media defaults to mixed_media.

### Fill material

What's inside a plush toy: hollow or solid polyester fiberfill, bean-bag plastic pellets, a mix of both, or a memory-foam/microbead fill. Hollow fiberfill gives an airy, huggable softness; solid fiberfill holds a posed shape better; plastic bean-bag pellets add controlled weight but are a choking hazard if the pellet pouch isn't sealed, which is why they are restricted on toys for under-3s. [3]

Values: polyester_fiberfill_hollow, polyester_fiberfill_solid, bean_bag_pellets, mixed_fill, memory_foam_or_microbead, unspecified.

Used as: shown on the card. Data: needs research, backfill cost medium. Look for it as: Sometimes stated as 'weighted plush' or 'bean bag plush' in the title; plain fiberfill is rarely named explicitly.
Keyword match for 'weighted'/'bean bag' catches pellet fills; default to polyester_fiberfill_hollow otherwise, the most common fill.

### Anatomical detail

Whether a reborn or BJD sculpt includes anatomically correct (gendered) detail or is sold de-genitalized/non-anatomical, the stated industry default. Buyers wanting therapeutic or gendered realism must confirm this specifically, since a specialist guide notes many listings default to non-anatomical unless the buyer asks. [10] [1]

Values: anatomically_correct, non_anatomical_degenitalized, unspecified.
Question to ask: Anatomically detailed, or non-anatomical (the default)?

Used as: shown on the card. Data: needs research, backfill cost medium. Look for it as: Rarely stated unless it's a selling point; reborn/BJD artist listings sometimes name it, mainstream listings stay silent.
Default to non_anatomical_degenitalized when silent, the stated default for mainstream sculpts.

## What you give up

- A full-body silicone reborn gives the most convincing skin-like squish and weight distribution in the arms, but vinyl stays the durable, washable, beginner-friendly choice; hybrids with silicone limbs on a vinyl body split the difference. [10] [11] Board branch: "More realism, less durability".
- BJDs and highly articulated action figure lines (like Marvel Legends, which added joints at the abdomen, toes, and fingers) trade a clean silhouette for the ability to hold an active pose; fixed-pose statues and simpler dolls keep the seamless look and give up the posing. [2] [4] Board branch: "More posability, less seamless sculpting".

## Words you will meet

- **Points of articulation (POA)**. The count of moving joints on a doll or figure; more points generally means more poses it can hold.
- **Ball-jointed doll (BJD)**. A doll with ball-and-socket joints strung on elastic cord, usually cast in resin, built to be posed and customized by its owner.
- **Reborning**. The process of transforming a blank vinyl or silicone doll kit into a realistic baby doll through layered painting, hair rooting, and weighting.
- **Platinum-cure silicone**. A silicone chemistry that resists yellowing and stays color-stable for years, the preferred grade for lifelike reborn dolls.
- **Tin-cure silicone**. A cheaper silicone chemistry that yellows and degrades faster, generally used for molds rather than finished dolls.
- **Mohair**. Fine goat or alpaca fiber hand-rooted into reborn dolls for realistic, wispy newborn hair.
- **Faceup**. The hand-painted makeup and face detail on a BJD, removable and repaintable by the owner.
- **Small parts cylinder**. The 1.25 in (31.7 mm) test tube regulators use to check whether a detached piece is small enough to choke a child under 3.
- **ASTM F963**. The US voluntary (and federally mandatory) toy safety standard covering choking hazards, lead content, and other physical and chemical risks.
- **EN 71**. The European toy safety standard, published in parts covering mechanical, flammability, and chemical-migration requirements.
- **CPSIA**. The US Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act, which sets lead and phthalate limits for children's products including toys.
- **Scale ratio**. A doll or figure's size written as a ratio to a real person, like 1:6, meaning one inch on the figure equals six inches in real life.
- **Weighted body**. A reborn doll's cloth or jointed body filled with glass beads, pellets, or shot so it feels as heavy as a real infant when held.
- **Cut joint**. A basic joint that allows a single rotation only, such as swiveling the head at the neck or the arm at the shoulder.
- **T joint**. A hip joint shaped like a T that commonly allows up to 180 degrees of front-to-back leg swing.
- **Polystone**. A resin compound with the weight and feel of real stone, popular for detailed mass-produced statues despite being brittle.
- **Cold cast**. Resin mixed with metallic powder for a metallic-look finish; it hardens slowly and is more heat-resistant than plain resin.

## Where we made a call

- Collector BJDs, resin statues, and artist reborn dolls are commonly sold outside toy-safety testing scope entirely. (confidence medium). ASTM F963 defines a toy as marketed for children under 14; a specialist reborn-doll trade guide states most artist reborns are sold as collector items outside that scope, but only one independent trade source corroborates the market framing. [7] [11]

## References

1. [Doll](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doll) (primer). Supports: Defines fashion dolls, reborn dolls, BJDs, bisque/china dolls and their materials; Modern fashion dolls (Barbie) are typically vinyl; reborns are vinyl dolls customized to resemble a baby.
2. [Action figure](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_figure) (primer). Supports: Scale table from 1:18 (3.75in) through 1:3 (24in), naming Barbie/Dollfie at 1:6 and Super Dollfie at 1:3; Defines points of articulation, cut joints, T joints, ball joints, and pin joints.
3. [Stuffed toy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuffed_toy) (primer). Supports: Outer fabrics are commonly plush or terrycloth pile textiles; fills include synthetic fiber, cotton, plastic pellets, and beans; Beanie Babies popularized plastic-pellet-filled plush in the 1990s.
4. [Super Dollfie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Dollfie) (primer). Supports: Super Dollfie BJDs are cast in polyurethane resin, about 55-60cm (near 24in/1:3 scale), with ball-jointed parts strung on elastic cord; BJDs are built to be customized: interchangeable wigs, eyes, and repaintable faces (faceups).
5. [EN 71](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EN_71) (primer). Supports: EN 71 is published in parts: Part 1 mechanical/physical, Part 2 flammability, Part 3 migration of elements.
6. [1:12 scale](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1:12_scale) (primer). Supports: 1:12 is a common figure and dollhouse scale, one inch representing one foot.
7. [ASTM F963-11: Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety](https://law.resource.org/pub/us/cfr/ibr/003/astm.f963.2011.html) (standards body). Supports: Small parts test cylinder is 1.25 in / 31.7 mm diameter (Fig. 3); Accessible component lead content limited to 100 ppm (300 ppm pre-2011); Scope defines a toy as marketed for children under 14 years of age; Required choking-hazard age-grading label text for small parts.
8. [Age Determination Guidelines (CPSC)](https://www.cpsc.gov/s3fs-public/2020%20Age%20Determination%20Guidelines%20FINAL.pdf) (regulator). Supports: 16 CFR 1500.53/1501 bans detachable parts that fit the small parts test cylinder under age 3; Use-and-abuse tests (impact, torque, tension, flexure, compression) simulate play before the small-parts check.
9. [Toy Safety Standards: ASTM F963, EN71 and CPSIA Guide](https://tumama-kids.com/blogs/tumama-news/toy-safety-regulations-and-standards) (specialist review). Supports: Confirms the 31.7mm small parts cylinder requirement across ASTM F963/EN71/ISO 8124; CPSIA limits lead content to 90 ppm in surface coatings.
10. [Types of Reborn Dolls Explained: Silicone vs Vinyl](https://www.suebangroup.com/types-of-reborn-dolls-explained-silicone-vs-vinyl/) (specialist review). Supports: Vinyl is durable, poseable, and washable; silicone is more lifelike but stains, tears more easily, and costs more; Reborn sizes: micro-preemie/mini under 10-15in, newborn 17-22in weighted 4-7lb, toddler 24-30in+ weighted 8lb+; Sleeping (closed-eye) vs awake (open-eye, acrylic or glass) sculpts.
11. [What Are Reborn Dolls Made Of? Materials Guide](https://www.suebangroup.com/what-are-reborn-dolls-made-of-materials-guide/) (specialist review). Supports: Platinum-cure silicone resists yellowing and stays color-stable; tin-cure silicone yellows and degrades faster; Genesis heat-set paint cures in a low oven around 265-275F (130-135C) in thin translucent layers; Weighting media: glass beads, poly-fil, steel shot; a convincing reborn weighs 4-8 lb; Mohair is the realism standard for rooted hair, sold by weight at $5-15/gram; Most artist reborns are sold as collector-only items outside toy-safety testing scope and must be labeled as such.
12. [The Best Plastic Materials for Your Collector Edition's Statues and Figurines](https://www.waypoint.la/blog/the-best-plastic-materials-for-your-collector-editions-statues-and-figurines) (specialist review). Supports: PVC is inexpensive, paints easily, dominates small-to-mid figurines, but has low heat/pressure resistance; ABS is tough and used for weight-bearing legs/bases but resists painting and fine detail; Resin/polystone/cold-cast are heavier, hold finer detail, but are brittle and need priming before painting.
13. [Nendoroid Yamato product page](https://www.goodsmile.info/en/product/5000) (spec sheet). Supports: Specifications row lists 'non-scale articulated figure with stand included' as its own named spec.
14. [Nendoroid China product page](https://www.goodsmile.info/en/product/12000) (spec sheet). Supports: Specifications row names 'with stand included'; separate note warns the figure 'does not balance on its own' without it.